目的 了解安徽省人感染H9N2禽流感病例流行特征和临床表现。方法 根据人感染H9N2禽流感报告病例开展个案流行病学调查,追踪密切接触者并开展健康监测,采集病例暴露场所环境样本207份进行核酸检测。结果 2015年4月—2022年3月,安徽省累计报告人感染H9N2禽流感病例13例,其中12例为10岁以下儿童;男女性别比为1.17∶1,中位年龄5岁;病例分布在全省6个市11个县区,61.54％(8/13)的病例发病时间为每年11月至次年1月;76.92％(10/13)的病例为通过常规流感监测方式发现,临床表现以发热为主,最高体温均超过38 ℃,平均病程为2 d;累计判定密切接触者85人,H9N2病毒核酸检测均为阴性;61.54％(8/13)的病例发病前有活禽或活禽市场暴露史,累计采集病例暴露场所环境样本207份,检出H9阳性109份,阳性检出率为52.66％。结论 人感染H9N2禽流感病例呈高度散发,以儿童发病为主,大多为轻症,主要感染来源为活禽或活禽市场暴露,尚未发现人传人情况。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of the cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H9N2) virus in Anhui Province. Methods Individual epidemiological investigations were carried out on the reported cases.Close contacts were traced and health monitoring was conducted.Environmental samples from the places where the cases were exposed were collected for nucleic acid testing. Results From April 2015 to March 2022,Anhui Province reported a total of 13 cases of human infection with H9N2 avian influenza,12 of which were children under 10 years old.The sex ratio of male and female was 1.17∶1,and the median age was 5 years old.The cases were distributed in 11 counties and 6 cities of the province,and 61.54％ (8/13) of the cases occurred from November to January of the next year.76.92％ (10/13) of the cases were found by routine influenza surveillance.The clinical manifestations were mainly fever,with the highest temperature exceeding 38 ℃ and the average course of disease being 2 days.A total of 85 close contacts were determined,and the H9N2 virus nucleic acid tests were negative.61.54％ (8/13) of the cases had a history of exposure to live poultry or live poultry markets before the onset of the disease.207 environmental samples of the case exposure sites were collected in total,and 109 were positive for H9,with a positive detection rate of 52.66％. Conclusion The cases of human infection with H9N2 avian influenza are highly sporadic,mainly in children,and most of them are mild diseases.The main source of infection is live poultry or exposure to live poultry markets,and they do not have the ability of human transmission.
关键词
H9N2 /
流行病学 /
临床特征 /
感染来源
Key words
H9N2 /
Epidemiology /
Clinical features /
Source of infection
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基金
安徽省医疗卫生重点专科:现场流行病学;2022年安徽省新冠病毒科研应急攻关项目(2022e07020071);2021年度安徽省卫生健康委科研项目(AHWJ2021a030)
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