目的 了解某高职学校实习医学生(简称实习生)心理健康状况及其与家庭和社会支持的关系。方法 采用单纯随机抽样法,选用一般情况调查表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、家庭关怀度指数问卷(APGAR)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS),通过“问卷星”对151名实习生开展问卷调查并使用描述性流行病学方法分析其相关关系。结果 不上夜班(t=-2.019,P=0.045)、与带教老师关系一般(F=4.137,P=0.018)、与家庭联系少(F=2.735,P=0.046)、父母学历高(F=3.453,P=0.010)、家庭人均收入高(F=3.100,P=0.017)的实习生SCL-90评分较高;实习生人际关系敏感(t=-3.697,P＜0.001)、敌对(t=-4.064,P＜0.001)、偏执(t=-3.647,P＜0.001)、精神病性(t =-2.759,P=0.002)等4个因子分数(T分数)均低于全国常模;实习生家庭功能与其心理健康之间存在正相关关系(r=0.215,P=0.008),SSRS总分(r=-0.290,P＜0.001)及客观支持(r=-0.169,P=0.038)、主观支持(r=-0.265,P=0.001)、对社会支持的利用度(r=-0.265,P=0.001)3个维度均与实习生的心理健康存在负相关关系。结论 实习生应合理安排实习生活,改善与带教老师的关系,经常与父母进行有效的沟通交流,改善家庭功能,提高主观支持、客观支持和对社会支持的利用度。

Objective To understand the mental health status of medical interns in a higher vocational school and its relationship with family and social support. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 151 interns,including the general situation questionnaire,the symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90),the family caring index questionnaire (APGAR) and the social support rating scale (SSRS).The questionnaire star was used to analyze the correlation among 151 interns.Questionnaire survey was conducted by "Questionaire Star" and its correlation was analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods. Results The interns had higher SCL-90 scores who did not work night shift (t=-2.019,P=0.045),had a general relationship with the teachers (F=4.137,P=0.018),had little contact with their families (F=2.735,P=0.046),had high educational background of their parents (F=3.453,P=0.010),and had high per capita family income (F=3.100,P=0.017).Interns' interpersonal sensitivity (t=-3.697,P<0.001),hostility (t=-4.064,P<0.001),paranoia (t=-3.647,P<0.001),and psychoticism (t=-2.759,P=0.002) were lower than those of the national norm.There was a positive correlation between the interns' family function and their mental health (r=0.215,P=0.008).The total score of SSRS (r=-0.290,P<0.001),Objective support (r=-0.169,P=0.038),subjective support (r=-0.265,P=0.001),and utilization of social support (r=-0.265,P=0.001) were all negatively correlated with interns' mental health. Conclusion Interns should arrange their internship life reasonably,improve their relationship with their teachers,communicate effectively with parents frequently,improve family functions,improve family functions,and increase the utilization of subjective and Objective support,as well as social support.