目的 研究氢化二聚C18-不饱和脂肪酸的急性毒性和致突变性。方法 选择20只健康 SPF 级昆明小鼠进行急性经口毒性试验。按0.2 mL/10 g 体重一次灌胃染毒,观察染毒后14 d小鼠中毒表现和死亡情况,计算其半数致死剂量(LD₅₀),并进行急性毒性分类定级。选择40只健康 SPF 级昆明小鼠进行体内哺乳动物红细胞微核试验,设置受试物组(组1、组2)、阴性对照组(玉米油)和阳性对照组(环磷酰胺,40 mg/kg)。经口灌胃一次染毒,受试物组分别于24 h和48 h后取材,阴性和阳性对照组24 h后取材、制片,选择细胞分布均匀、完整、着色适当的区域,计数200个红细胞所见的嗜多染红细胞和正染红细胞数,计算嗜多染红细胞与正染红细胞比例;计数2 000个嗜多染红细胞中的含微核嗜多染红细胞数,计算微核细胞率。采用χ²检验比较嗜多染红细胞/正染红细胞比例及微核细胞率差异性。结果 氢化二聚C18-不饱和脂肪酸的小鼠急性经口LD₅₀＞5 000 mg/kg。与阴性对照组比较,受试物组雌、雄小鼠嗜多染红细胞/正染红细胞、细胞微核率差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 氢化二聚C18-不饱和脂肪酸属低毒物质,且未发现致突变作用。

Objective To evaluate the acute toxicity and mutagenicity of hydrogenated dimer acids. Methods A total of 20 SPF KM mice were selected for acute oral toxicity test.The mice were poisoned with a single administration of 0.2 mL/10 g body weight.The toxic behavior and death of mice were observed within 14 days after being poisoned,depend on which the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) and the acute toxicity was calculated and classified,respectively.40 SPF KM mice were selected for the mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test.The mice were randomly divided into three groups:experimental group (group 1 and group 2),negative control group (corn oil) and positive control group (cyclophosphamide,40 mg/kg) .After oral poisoning with a single gavage,the bone marrow samples were taken at 24 h and 48 h in the experimental group,the same kind of samples were taken at 24 h in negative and positive control groups.After slide preparation,the counting area were selected with intact cells of proper distribution and coloration,inside which,the numbers of polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) and normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) in 200 red blood cells were counted,then the ratio of PCE to NCE was calculated.The number of micronucleus-containing PCE was counted in 2 000 PCE,and the micronucleus rates were calculated.The ratios of PCE/NCE and the micronucleus rates were compared by chi-square test. Results The acute oral LD₅₀ of hydrogenated dimer acid in mice was more than 5 000 mg/kg .There were no significant differences in PCE/NCE ratios and micronucleus rates between the experimental groups and the negative control group in male and female mice(P＞0.05). Conclusion Hydrogenated dimer acid is a substance of low toxicity and no mutagenic effect was found.