目的 了解宜春市细菌性痢疾的流行趋势和特征,为制定科学防控策略提供依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集宜春市2012—2021年细菌性痢疾报告病例数和人口数据,对细菌性痢疾发病情况进行描述性流行病学分析,应用ArcGIS 10.4绘制发病空间分布图。结果 2012—2021年宜春市细菌性痢疾年均报告发病率9.32/10万,总体呈下降趋势。发病男女性别比为1.41∶1,以0~3岁儿童报告发病数最多(占30.14%),职业为农民的病例数占比最大(占44.87%),发病高峰为5—10月。2012—2021年全市均有病例报告,其中上高县年均报告发病率最高(25.96/10万),其次分别为铜鼓县(17.35/10万)和樟树市(14.63/10万),从整体看宜春市细菌性痢疾的发病主要集中在西部、南部和东北部分县区,中部、东南和西南部个别县区发病率较低。结论 宜春市细菌性痢疾的发病呈下降趋势,流行特征明显。

Objective To understand the epidemic trends and characteristics of bacillary dysentery in Yichun City and to provide basis for formulating scientific prevention and control strategies. Methods The number of reported cases and population data of bacillary dysentery in Yichun City from 2012 to 2021 were collected through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed on the incidence of bacillary dysentery.ArcGIS 10.4 was used to map the spatial distribution of the disease. Results From 2012 to 2021,the annual reported incidence rate of bacillary dysentery in Yichun city was 9.32/100 000,showing a downward trend.The sex ratio of male to female was 1.41∶1,with the highest number of cases reported in children aged 0 to 3 years (30.14%).Farmers accounted for the largest number of cases (44.87%).The peak of the incidence was from May to October.There were case reports in the whole city from 2012 to 2021,with the highest average annual incidence reported in Shanggao County (25.96/100 000),followed by Tonggu County (17.35/100 000) and Zhangshu City (14.63/100 000),respectively.As a whole,the incidence of bacillary dysentery in Yichun City was mainly concentrated in the western,southern and northeastern parts of the county,with lower incidence in the central,southeastern and southwestern counties. Conclusion The incidence of bacillary dysentery in Yichun City shows a downward trend with obvious epidemic characteristics.