目的 调查蚌埠市职业健康检查机构现状，评估其在《安徽省职业健康检查机构备案管理办法》实施后的适应情况，为加强事中事后监管、提升服务能力提供依据。方法 本研究为横断面研究，对全市11家备案机构的属性、分布、检查类别、人员结构及2023—2024年业务量进行统计分析。结果 11家机构覆盖全市3县4区，包括公立综合医疗机构7家、民营医疗机构3家和职业病防治院1家。仅职业病防治院1家（9.09%，1/11）具备全部6类资质。345名卫生技术人员中，高级职称占34.78%（120/345），其中93人集中于公立综合医疗机构；专业构成中临床医学占44.35%（153/345），而预防医学仅占1.45%（5/345）。学历分布呈现机构差异：公立综合医疗机构与职业病防治院本科人员分别占84.73%（172/203）和80.00%（44/55），而民营机构大专及以下人员占比达57.47%（50/87）。主检医师资质持有率为80.00%（16/20）。2023—2024年公立综合医疗机构职业禁忌证检出率（1.37%，200/14 592）高于民营机构（0.55%，89/16 158）。结论 蚌埠市职业健康检查机构存在人员配置不合理、关键资质不足及民营医疗机构检查质量参差不齐等问题。应加强专业能力建设与质量控制，发挥职业病防治院的引领作用，实施差异化监管，推动职业健康检查工作高质量发展。

Objective To investigate the current status of occupational health examination institutions in Bengbu City, evaluate their adaptation after the implementation of the Anhui Provincial Occupational Health Examination Institution Filing Management Measures, and provide evidence for strengthening process and post-implementation supervision as well as enhancing service capacity. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed on the attributes, geographical distribution, service categories, personnel structure, and workload data from 2023 to 2024 of all 11 filed institutions in the city. Results Eleven institutions covered three counties and four districts across the city, including seven public comprehensive medical institutions, three private medical institutions, and one occupational disease prevention and control center. Only one occupational disease prevention and control center (9.09%, 1/11) possessing all six types of qualifications. Among the 345 health technicians, 34.78% (120/345) held senior titles, with 93 of them concentrated in public comprehensive medical institutions. In terms of professional composition, clinical medicine accounted for 44.35% (153/345), while preventive medicine accounted for only 1.45% (5/345). The distribution of educational qualifications varied among institutions: undergraduate personnel accounted for 84.73% (172/203) in public comprehensive medical institutions and 80.00% (44/55) in occupational disease prevention and control centers, while personnel with college degrees or below accounted for 57.47% (50/87) in private institutions. The qualification holding rate of the primary examining physician was 80.00% (16/20). The detection rate of occupational contraindications in public comprehensive medical institutions from 2023 to 2024 (1.37%, 200/14 592) was higher than that in private institutions (0.55%, 89/16 158). Conclusion Occupational health examination institutions in Bengbu City face challenges such as suboptimal personnel allocation, insufficient key qualifications, and variable inspection quality in private medical institutions. It is recommended to enhance professional capacity building and quality control, leverage the leading role of the occupational disease prevention and treatment center, implement differentiated supervision, and promote the high-quality development of occupational health examination services.