目的 分析芜湖市麻疹疑似病例血清抗体水平,提高麻疹和风疹诊断水平。方法 采集2010~2015年疑似麻疹病例1 204份血清,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对血清标本进行IgM抗体检测。结果 6年共检测标本1 204份,其中麻疹IgM抗体阳性267份,总阳性率为22.18%;风疹IgM抗体258份,总阳性率检为21.43%。不同年份麻疹、风疹抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);麻疹抗体阳性率男女差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同月份麻疹、风疹病例构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);麻疹发病高峰主要在3~6月份,0~1岁婴幼儿与16岁及以上人群是主要感染者;风疹发病高峰集中在4~6月份,6～25岁人群为主要发病人群。结论 16岁以上人群已成为本地区麻疹发病主要人群,风疹发病以青少年为主。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles and rubella in Wuhu prefecture, so as to provide a scientific evidence for the prophylaxis and treatment of measles and rubella. Methods ELISA was utilized to detect the IgM antibody in serum samples of suspected measles and rubella cases in Wuhu prefecture in 2010-2015. Results A total of 1204 serum samples were tested in 6 years. Of them, 267 samples showed measles positive results (positive rate=22. 18%), 258 samples presented rubella positive results (positive rate=21.43 %). There were statistical differences in the positive rates of measles and rubella in different years (P<0.05). The distribution of male and female in measles cases had statistical differences (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of measles and rubella positive cases in different months (P<0.05). There were statistically differences in the proportion of measles and rubella positive cases in different age groups (P<0.05). The main peak of measles was from 3-6 months, incidence was higher in 0-1 years old and ≥16 years old. Rubella incidence peak concentrated in 4-6 months, 6-25 years age group was the main crowd. Conclusion People over the age of 16 had become the main population of measles, and adolescents was the main one of rubella in the region.