目的 了解肥西县60岁及以上老年人跌倒/坠落的伤害发生情况,探讨老年人跌倒/坠落分布特点,为制定老年跌倒/坠落伤害干预措施和政策提供科学依据。方法 利用全国伤害监测系统(NISS),收集肥西县2012~2015年三个监测点的伤害监测数据,分析60岁及以上人群的跌倒/坠落病例变化趋势。结果 2012~2015年肥西县60岁及以上老年人群伤害病例总数为9 356例,而老年人的跌倒/坠落病例为5 264例,占比56.3%。它是老年人伤害发生的首要原因,且病例数、占伤害病例的比例和占老年伤害病例的比例均呈逐年上升趋势。男女性别比为0.8∶1,随着年龄的增加,女性的构成比呈上升趋势。发生地点前三位分别为家中(60.0%)、公路/街道(11.0%)和公共居住场所(社区)(10.0%)。中、重度构成比分别是全人群相应中、重度构成比的1.7倍和2.1倍(χ²=591.3,P＜0.01)和2.1倍(χ²=87.1,P＜0.01)。结论 老年人跌倒/坠落伤害问题已是一项重要的公共卫生问题,应根据老年人跌倒/坠落病例的特征分布开展针对性防控措施,尤其要加强老年人跌倒/坠落伤害的家庭预防和老年人跌倒/坠落伤害社区预防工作。

Objective To understand the incidence of falling injuries among the elderly over 60 years in Feixi county during 2012~2015, and provide scientific basis for intervention strategies and decision-making. Methods The fall data for ≥60 years old people in Feixi county from 2012 to 2015 based on Nation Injury Surveillance System (NISS) were collected to describe the overall incidence trend, demographic characteristics, and case distribution. Results The injuries cases of people aged ≧60 years was 9 356 from 2012 to 2015 in Feixi county, while the elderly fall were 5 264 cases. The fall was the primary cause of injury in the elderly. The fall case number, the proportion of fall cases to injury cases and to elderly cases all increased from 2012 to 2015. The sex radio was 0.8:1, and the proportion in females increased with age. The three most common take places of fall were home (60.0%), highway/street (11.0%) and public place of residence (community) (10.0%),respectively. The proportion of medium and severe fall in elderly was 1.7 times (χ²=591.3, P＜0.01) and 2.1 times (χ²=87.1, P＜0.01), compared to total injury. Conclusion Falling has become an important public health problem among the elderly. The targeted prevention and control measures according to the distribution of the falling in elderly should be carried out, especially to strengthen the work on family and community to prevent and control falling in elderly.