目的 了解安徽省老年人群代谢综合征患病特征,分析男女代谢综合征各组分的聚集特征。方法 在安徽省疾病监测地区按多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,对18岁及以上居民7182人进行调查体检,采集信息完整、60岁及以上人群样本共2 415人,分析人群代谢综合征的特点并进行因子分析。结果 老年人群代谢综合征患病率为20.75%,男性患病率16.78%,低于女性患病率24.31%(χ²＝20.754,P<0.001)。男性腰围、低高密度脂蛋白血症(HDL-C)平均水平高于女性(P<0.001),而女性低密度脂蛋白血症(LDL-C)、收缩压平均水平高于男性(P<0.05)。因子分析提取了4个主要因子,因子方差贡献率:男性、女性分别为75.666%、75.614%;男性以超重肥胖是主要影响因子,其后依次是高血压因子、血糖因子、血脂紊乱因子,女性也以超重肥胖因子为首,其后依次是血脂紊乱因子、高血压因子、血糖因子。结论 安徽省部分老年人群代谢综合征以超重肥胖、血脂紊乱、高血压、高血糖综合表现为主要特征。

Objective This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the elderly population of Anhui province and analyze the characteristics of subgroups of males and females. Methods We conducted questionnaire surveys and physical examinations among 7182 residents over 18 years old at the surveillance regions in Anhui province using the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method. 2415 subjects who were over 60 years old and with complete information were included in the factor analysis of metabolic syndrome. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 20.75% for the overall population, 16.78% for males and 24.31% for females (χ²=20.754,P<0.001). The average waist circumference, HDL-c were higher for males than females (P<0.001), while systolic blood pressure and LDL-c was higher for females than males (P<0.05). Factor analysis extracted four main factors whose cumulative contribution of variance accounted to 75.666% and 75.614% for males and females, respectively. The top four factors for males were overweight, high blood pressure, high blood glucose and dyslipidemia. The top four factors for females were overweight, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure and high blood glucose. Conclusion Overweight, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure and high blood glucose were the main manipestations of metabolic syndrome in the elderly population of Anhui province.