目的 分析芜湖市人感染H7N9 禽流感发病特点和感染来源,探讨防控对策。方法 开展流行病学个案调查,收集2014～2016年芜湖市人感染禽流感确诊病例的流行病学调查资料,采集患者相关标本和活禽交易场所及活禽相关样本,按照《人感染H7N9禽流感诊疗方案(2014年版)》诊断人感染H7N9禽流感病例。探讨患者感染来源及流行特点。结果 芜湖市2014～2016年报告人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例8例,以中老年伴有慢性基础疾病者为主,均在冬春季发病,无聚集性病例发生。病例发病至服用磷酸奥司他韦时间间隔长,病死率高。感染来源为活禽或活禽市场的暴露。结论 芜湖市人感染H7N9禽流感病例病死率高,患者暴露活禽或活禽市场是主要危险因素,人感染H7N9禽流感高发期间,关闭活禽交易市场是控制疫情的主要措施之一。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Wuhu, and provide the basis for the prevention and control. Methods The epidemiological investigation was carried out to collect the data of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Wuhu from 2014 to 2016. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of cases and the problems of prevention and control. Results 8 cases were confirmed with H7N9 virus infection from 2014 to 2016 in Wuhu, and most of them were elderly with chronic underlying diseases, the winter and spring were peak seasons, and there're no cluster cases. The time gap between onset and take oseltamivir large, the fatality rate was high. Sources of infection were exposed to live poultry or live poultry market. Medical staff was the largest proportion of close contacts. Conclusions The case of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza had high fatality rate in Wuhu city,Market exposure of live or live birds is a major risk factor.Closing the live poultry trading market is one of the main measures to control the epidemic during the high incidence of H7N9 avian influenza.