目的 掌握疟疾传播蚊种及密度,为评估疟疾传播风险提供依据。方法 2005~2010年采用人诱半通宵加清晨50顶蚊帐搜捕法监测蚊种及密度,2012~2016年采用诱蚊灯全通宵方法监测蚊种及密度,对疟疾传播媒介和疫情监测资料进行分析。结果 2005~2016年未发现中华按蚊以外的其他按蚊。2005~2010年中华按蚊叮人率分别为34.882、15.112、18.714、14.794、2.814和3.048只/人·夜,2012~2016年中华按蚊平均灯诱密度分别为0.400、0.250、0.250、0.250、0.250只/灯·夜。疟疾病例主要集中在2005~2010年,期间共报告7 804例,除1例输入性恶性疟外,均为本地感染间日疟,病例以7~10月份为多。最后1例本地感染间日疟病例发生于2012年10月,2013~2016年输入6例恶性疟。结论 埇桥区仍是中华按蚊地区,蚊媒密度较低,存在疟疾病例输入风险,但导致输入性疟疾病例续发传播的风险不大。

Objective To understand the species and densities of malaria vectors so as to provide evidence for assessing the risks of malaria transmission. Methods Mosquito species and density data in 2005-2010 and 2012-2016 years, respectively, are derived from outdoor semi-overnight trapping with human baits plus indoor early morning 50 mosquito nets, and outdoor overnight trapping with mosquito lamp. Malaria vectors and malaria prevalence data were statistically analyzed. Results No Anopheles other than Anopheles sinensis was found in 2005-2016.In 2005-2010 years, the man-biting rate of Anopheles sinensis was 34.882, 15.112, 18.714, 14.794, 2.814 and 3.048 bites per person per night, respectively. Besides, the average lamp-trap rate in 2012-2016 was 0.400, 0.250, 0.250,0.250 and 0.250 bites per lamp per night respectively. Malaria cases were mainly concentrated in 2005-2010 years. During the period, 7804 cases were reported, except for 1 case of imported falciparum malaria, all of which were local vivax malaria cases, and the cases were mainly occurred in 7-10 months. The last 1 cases of local vivax malaria case occurred in October 2012, 6 cases of imported falciparum malaria were found in 2013-2016. Conclusion Anopheles sinensis is still a single malaria vector in Yongqiao District.There is a risk of imported malaria cases, but the risk of re-transmission of imported malaria cases is not high.