目的 通过对巢湖市2011～2017年发热伴血小板减少综合征的流行特征分析,探讨影响该病流行的暴露因素和人传人的可能性。方法 收集“传染病报告信息管理系统”中巢湖市2011～2017年发热伴血小板减少综合征病例资料,对个案开展流行病学调查并采集患者血样进行新型布尼亚病毒核酸检测,采用描述性研究方法对巢湖市2011～2017年发热伴血小板减少综合征病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2011～2017年,巢湖市共报告SFTS病例87例,年均发病率1.54/10万,报告发病率呈上升趋势(χ²=40.3,P<0.001),病死率13.73%。病例主要分布在丘陵地区,4～7月高发,93%的病例为农民,75例患者有农作野外暴露史,1例患者属于密切接触者发病。结论 巢湖市SFTS发病呈逐年上升趋势,极少数病例可能属于人传人,流行病学史和实验室新型布尼亚病毒核酸检测有助于诊断。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ( SFTS) in Chaohu city from 2011 to 2017, and explore the exposure factors and the possibility of human transmission. Methods We collected data on the cases of SFTS in the epidemic from 2011 to 2017 in the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System.Epidemiological investigations were conducted on individual cases and blood samples were collected for the detection of novel Bunia virus nucleic acids. Descriptive research methods were used to conduct epidemiological analysis of cases of fever with thrombocytopenia in Chaohu city from 2011 to 2017. Results A total of 87 cases of SFTS were reported in Chaohu city from 2011 to 2017. The average annual incidence was 1.54/10⁵, the reported incidence was on the rise (χ²=40.3,P<0.001), and the average annual mortality was 13.73%. SFTS cases were mainly distributed in hilly area. Most cases were reported from April to July. Among these cases, 93% cases were farmers, 75 patients had field exposure history of farm work, and 1 patient had a close contact with history. Patients had fever but no typical clinical manifestations. Conclusions The incidence of SFTS in Chaohu city was on the rise.A few cases of SFTS were limited to human to human transmission. Epidemiological history and laboratory detection of a novel Bunia virus nucleic acid are helpful in the diagnosis.