目的 分析梅州市疟疾流行特征和防治历程,总结防控效果,应对新的挑战。方法 收集梅州市1950~2018年疟疾流行及消除疟疾资料,对疟疾的流行情况、历年来疟疾防控措施及效果进行总结分析。结果 1950~2018年梅州市累计报告疟疾985 224例,死亡203例。经历了建国初期暴发与控制的阶段(1950~1959年)、疫情反弹和综合性防治阶段(1960~1979年)、监测流动人口和防控输入性疟疾的阶段(1980~2009年)、全面消除疟疾阶段(2010~2018年)等四个防治阶段,逐步控制疟疾的流行和传播,1958年疟疾发病率下降至1%以下,1965年下降至1‰以下,1986年起控制在1/万以下,2005~2018年未出现本地感染病例。2015年到达消除疟疾目标。结论 梅州市已基本消除疟疾,但疟疾的流行因素依然存在,仍面临输入性疟疾的持续性挑战。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics, prevention and treatment process of malaria in Meizhou City, summarize the prevention and control effect, and cope with new challenges. Methods Data of malaria prevalence and elimination in Meizhou City from 1950 to 2018 were collected to summarize and analyze the epidemic situation of malaria, malaria control measures and effects over the years. Results From 1950 to 2018, 985 224 cases of malaria and 203 malaria death cases were reported in Meizhou City. Malaria prevention and control has gone through four stages, that is the stage of outbreak and control (1950-1959), the stage of epidemic rebound and comprehensive prevention (1960-1979), the stage of monitoring floating population and controlling imported malaria (1980-2009), and the stage of comprehensive elimination (2010-2018), The epidemic and transmission of malaria were gradually controlled.The incidence of malaria dropped below 1% in 1958, below 1‰ in 1965, below 1/10,000 in 1986, and no local infections occurred in 2005-2018. The goal of eliminating malaria was reached in 2015. Conclusion Malaria has been basically eliminated in Meizhou City,but the epidemiological factors of malaria still exist and the sustained challenges of imported malaria remain.