目的 了解丹阳市中小学生视力低下现况及其影响因素,为针对中小学生制定切实可行的视力预防保健措施提供依据。方法 以2016年丹阳市中小学生生长发育体检数据为基础,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取5所小学,5所中学,小学1～6年级学生,中学1～2年级学生,共6 328名城乡中小学生进行标准对数视力表检查。结果 丹阳市6 328名中小学生中,检出视力低下2 964名,视力低下检出率为46.8%,其中轻度、中度、重度视力低下检出率分别为10.4%、19.7%和16.7%。不同性别(χ²=29.973,P<0.001)、不同年级(χ²=791.796,P<0.001)、城乡分布(χ²=96.389, P<0.001)、不同经济发达程度地区(χ²=154.187,P<0.001)中小学生的视力低下患病率不同,差异均有统计学意义。不同性别(χ²=34.955,P<0.001)、不同年级(χ²=1 202.218,P<0.001)、城乡分布(χ²=125.477,P<0.001)、不同经济发达地区(χ²=186.917,P<0.001)中小学生的视力低下严重程度均有统计学意义。结论 丹阳市中小学生视力低下较严重,应加强视力低下防控工作,重点为城市地区、中等发达地区。

Objective To investigate the current situation of poor eyesight and influence factors among primary and middle secondary school students in Danyang City and its influencing factors, and to provide basis for the development of practical vision preventive care measures for primary and middle secondary school students. Methods Based on the physical examination data of growth and development of primary and secondary school students in Danyang City in 2016, 5 primary schools, 5 middle schools, 1-6 grade students and 1-2 grade students were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method.A total of 6328 urban and rural primary and secondary school students were examined by standard logarithmic visual acuity table. Results Among 6328 primary and secondary school students in Danyang City, 2964 were found to have poor vision, with a detection rate of 46.8%.The detection rates of mild, moderate and severe visual impairment were 10.4%, 19.7% and 16.7% respectively.The prevalence of poor eyesight among primary and secondary school students of different gender (χ²=29.973,P<0.001), grade (χ²= 791.796,P< 0.001), urban and rural distribution (χ²= 96.389,P< 0.001) and economically developed areas (χ²= 154.187,P< 0.001) was different, and the difference was statistically significant.There were significant differences in the severity of visual impairment among primary and secondary school students of different gender (χ²= 34.955,P< 0.001), grade (χ²= 1202.218,P< 0.001), urban and rural distribution (χ²= 125.477,P< 0.001) and economically developed areas (χ²= 186.917,P< 0.001). Conclusion Danyang City's primary and secondary school students have serious vision impairment.Prevention and control measures should be taken and strengthened, especially in urban areas and moderately developed areas.We should strengthen the prevention and control of vision impairment, focusing on urban areas and moderately developed areas.