目的 通过对手足口病报告和监测资料的分析,探讨手足口病流行特点和规律。方法 根据传染病报告信息管理系统的手足口病监测数据,采集手足口病患者咽拭子标本,检测肠道病毒核酸并进行分型,对怀宁县2014~2018年手足口病流行特征和病原学监测数据进行分析。结果 2014~2018年怀宁县共报告手足口病2 675例,年均发病率为88.61/10万;春夏之交是手足口病高发阶段;不同乡镇报告发病水平明显不同;≤5岁与>5岁人群年均发病率差异有统计学意义(χ² =6 774.70,P<0.001),男女年均发病率差异有统计学意义(χ² =28.794,P<0.001)。5年的手足口病病原学检测阳性率为62.24%,阳性标本中,以其他肠道病毒感染为主(占61.16%)。结论 怀宁县手足口病具有明显的季节和人群聚集性,应加强散居儿童和人口密集场所的防控工作。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and regularity of hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) by analyzing the report and monitoring data of HFMD. Methods Based on the surveillance data of HFMD in the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System, throat swab specimens of HFMD patients were collected, enterovirus nucleic acid was detected and typed.The epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic surveillance data of HFMD in Huaining County from 2014 to 2018 were analyzed. Results From 2014 to 2018, 2675 cases of HFMD were reported in Huaining County.The 5-year annual incidence rate was 88.61/100,000, the peak of the epidemic was mainly from April to June, and the level of reported morbidity in different townships was obviously different.There was significant difference in the average annual incidence between people under 5 years old and those over 5 years old.(χ²=6774.70,P<0.001).There was significant difference in the average annual incidence between males and females (χ²= 28.794, P<0.001).The positive rate of etiological detection of HFMD in 5 years was 62.24%.Other enterovirus infections were the most common (61.16%) among the positive samples. Conclusion HFMD has obvious seasonal and population characteristics in Huaining County.Prevention and control measures forscattered children and densely populated places should be strengthened.