目的 通过对西藏自治区山南市某中学高中生健康素养的调查,了解高中生健康素养具备情况,提出提高学生健康素养的建议。方法 采用国家卫健委统一编制的《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》,对西藏自治区山南市600名某中学高中生进行调查。结果 调查学生中,4.57%具备总体健康素养,其中基本知识和理念素养的比例为10.19%、健康生活方式与行为素养的比例为9.14%、健康技能素养的比例为3.87%;6类健康素养具备比例由高到低分别为:安全与急救素养(40.42%)、科学健康观(29.35%)、健康信息(14.06%)、传染病防治(13.01%)、慢性病防治(10.23%)、基本医疗(6.85%)。男生健康信息素养具备比例高于女生(χ²=4.476,P=0.034),其余各类、各方面健康素养具备比例差异均无统计学意义。不同年级学生除传染病防治素养比例外(χ²=5.513,P=0.064),其余各类、各方面健康素养具备比例均为高年级学生高于低年级学生,且差异具有统计学意义。结论 山南市高中生健康素养具备比例较低,且低年级学生具备健康素养比例远低于高年级学生,相关部门需采取切实可行的措施加大对低年级学生健康教育力度,不断提高学生健康素养状况。

Objective To investigate the health literacy of senior high school students in Shannan City, Tibet autonomous region, and to find out the health literacy of senior high school students and put forward suggestions to improve their health literacy. Methods A survey was conducted among 600 high school students in Shannan City, Tibet autonomous region, using the National Surveillance Questionnaire of Residents'Health Literacy, which was compiled by the State Health Commission. Results 4.57% of the students surveyed had overall health literacy, and the proportion of health literacy from high to low was as follows: basic knowledge and concept literacy (10.19%), healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy (9.14%) and health skills literacy (3.87%).The proportion of six types of health literacy from high to low was as follows: safety and first aid literacy (40.42%) and scientific health outlook (29.35%).Health information (14.06%), prevention and treatment of infectious diseases (13.01%), prevention and treatment of chronic diseases (10.23%) and basic medical treatment (6.85%).The proportion of male students with health information literacy was higher than that of female students (χ²=4.476,P= 0.034).There was no significant difference in the proportion of other types and aspects of health literacy.Except for the proportions of infectious disease prevention and control literacy among students of different grades (χ²=5.513,P=0.064), the proportions of health literacy possessed by all kinds and aspects of students of higher grades were higher than those of lower grades, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The proportion of health literacy of senior high school students in Shannan City is low, and the proportion of health literacy of junior high school students is far lower than that of senior high school students.Relevant departments need to take practical measures to strengthen the health education of junior high school students and continuously improve their health literacy.