目的 通过对2018年太和县某小学流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情进行分析,查找暴发和疫情持续的原因。方法 采用流行病学调查和现场调查危险因素相结合的方法开展病例搜索、危险因素查找,并将结果录入Excel表格,通过SPSS 19.0软件进行结果统计分析。结果 太和县某小学2018年3月至6月共发生流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情195例,罹患率10.66%,疫情持续70余天,10~12岁是高发年龄段,首发病例未能有效隔离、10岁以上儿童流行性腮腺炎疫苗接种史大部分不详、学校传染病病例复课不规范,病例隔离期限不足即复课、教室通风不良以及存在校内外交叉感染可能是该起疫情发生的原因。结论 严格病例隔离,加强应急接种和基层医疗机构疫情报告管理,有效落实学校传染病防控制度是控制学校传染病暴发疫情的重要手段。

Objective To analyze the outbreak of mumps in a primary school of Taihe County in 2018, and to find out the causes of the epidemic outbreak and persistence. Methods Case search and risk factor search were carried out by combining epidemiological investigation with field investigation.The results were entered into Excel spreadsheets and statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. Results From March to June 2018, 195 cases of mumps occurred in a primary school in Taihe County.The incidence rate was 10.66%.10-12 years old is a high-risk age group.The causes of the outbreak may be the failure of effective isolation of the first case, the unknown history of mumps vaccination for children over 10 years old, the non-standard reopening of infectious diseases in schools, the insufficient period of case isolation, the poor ventilation in classrooms and the presence of cross-infection inside and outside schools. Conclusion Strict case isolation, enhancedemergency vaccination and epidemic reporting management in primary medical institutions, and effective implementation of the school infectious disease prevention and control system shoud be taken as important means to control the outbreak of infectious diseases in schools.