目的 了解银川市初职以上学校新生结核病感染情况。方法 选取2018年银川市内22所初高中、大中专院校入学新生,对31 488名新生进行问卷调查和结核杆菌感染筛查。结果 2018年银川市22所学校入学新生PPD试验共筛查31 488人,强阳性率为5.32％,新生结核病患病率为73.04/10万;不同类别学校之间强阳性率差别有统计学意义(χ²＝24.621,P＜0.05);新生男女之间PPD感染率、差异无统计学意义;城乡之间和不同收入家庭之间差别有统计学意义(χ²＝7.554 ,P＜0.05;χ²＝1282.881 ,P＜0.01)。结论 有必要每年对新生入学学生进行结核病筛查,定期开展结核病健康宣教,提高学生、教职工防病意识,减少结核病在人群中的传播,降低学生结核病发病率。

Objective To understand the tuberculosis infection among freshmen in schools above junior vocational school in Yinchuan. Methods A total of 31 488 freshmen from 22 junior high schools, colleges and universities in Yinchuan City in 2018 were surveyed by questionnaires and screened for tuberculosis infection. Results In 2018, 31 ,488 freshmen were screened for purified protein derivative (PPD) test in 22 schools in Yinchuan City, with a strong positive rate of 5.32% and the incidence of tuberculosis among freshmen was 73.04/100,000.There were was a significant differences in the strong positive rate among different types of schools (χ²=24.621,P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in PPD infection rate and difference between male and female freshmen.Significant differences were found between urban and rural areas and between families with different incomes (χ²= 7.554,P＜ 0.05;χ²= 1282.881,P＜ 0.01). Conclusion It is necessary to carry out tuberculosis screening for new students every year, carry out tuberculosis health education regularly, raise the awareness of prevention of tuberculosis among students and teachers,the spread of tuberculosis among the population and the incidence of tuberculosis among students.