目的 分析合肥市蜀山区2013~2017年5岁以下儿童主要死因别死亡率及变化趋势,主要死因顺位及变化,为政府规划评价和政策制定提供数据支撑。方法 按照《5岁以下儿童死亡监测实施方案》,对2013至2017年辖区发生的5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行统计分析。结果 蜀山区2013至2017年5岁以下儿童死亡率呈下降趋势,新生儿和婴儿死亡率处于动态平衡;2013至2017年新生儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的52.57%,占婴儿死亡的60.53%,婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的86.86%,1~4岁儿童死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的13.14%;前5位死因为早产或低出生体重、先天性心脏病、肺炎、其他先天性疾病、呼吸循环衰竭。结论 合肥市蜀山区2013至2017年5岁以下儿童死亡率呈下降趋势,婴儿和新生儿死亡率处于动态平衡,降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键在于预防新生儿死亡的发生。

Objective To analyze the main cause-specific death rate, the main causes of death and its changing trend causes of death mortality of children under 5 years old in Shushan District of Hefei City from 2013 to 2017, and to provide data support for government planning, evaluation and policy formulation. Methods According to the implementation plan of death surveillance for children under 5 years old,the data of death surveillance for children under 5 years old occurred in the jurisdiction from 2013 to 2017 were analyzed statistically. Results From 2013 to 2017, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old in Shushan District showed a downward trend, and the neonatal and infant mortality rates were in a dynamic balance.From 2013 to 2017,neonatal deaths mortality accounted for 52.57% of the deaths among children under 5 years old, and accounted for 60.53% of the deaths of infant.Infant mortality accounted for 86.86% of the deaths among children under 5 years old, and children aged 1-4 accounted for 13.14% of the deaths among children under 5 years old. The top five causes of death were premature birth or low birth weight, congenital heart disease, pneumonia, other congenital diseases,respiratory and circulatory failure. Conclusion From 2013 to 2017, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old in Shushan District of Hefei City shows a downward trend.The infant and neonatal mortality rates are in a dynamic balance. The main way to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years old is to reduce the neonatal mortality rate, especially reduce the incidence of premature birth or low birth weight children.