目的 了解芜湖市儿童青少年近视现状,探讨行为习惯与近视率的关系。方法 采取分层随机整群抽样的方法,2019年3月在芜湖市区及农村地区按小学、初中、高中学校分层,随机抽取10所学校,每所学校随机抽取6~9个班,共抽取3 411名学生,有效样本3 256人。通过现场检测和发放问卷调查的方式收集数据,调查学生视力并分析其影响因素。结果 芜湖市儿童青少年近视率为51.29%,其中城镇学生近视率为53.69%,农村学生近视率为41.00%;女生近视率为53.43%,男生近视率为49.36%;小学生近视率为34.45%,初中生近视率为69.17%,高中生近视率为82.48%,差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,生活所在地为城镇、父母或任何一方近视、平均每天使用电子产品超过1 h、作业负担过重是近视的危险因素。结论 芜湖市儿童青少年近视率比较高,应针对青少年近视的影响因素,加强干预。

Objective To understand the current situation of myopia of children and adolescents in Wuhu City,and to explore the relationship between behavior habits and myopia rate. Methods The stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted.In March 2019,in the urban and rural areas of Wuhu City,stratified by elementary school,junior high school and senior high school,10 schools were randomly selected.Each school randomly selected 6-9 classes,a total of 3,411 students were selected.Through on-site testing and questionnaire survey,the data were collected to investigate the students' visual acuity and the influencing factors. Results The myopia rate of children and adolescents in Wuhu City was 51.29%,among which the myopia rate of urban students was 53.69% and that of rural students was 41.00%.The myopia rate of female students was 53.43%,and that of male students was 49.36%.The myopia rate of primary school students was 34.45%,junior high school students was 69.17% and senior high school students was 82.48%.The differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Multi-factor regression analysis showed that location of living,myopia of the parents (one or two),average daily use of electronic products for more than one hour,and excessive workload were the risk factors for myopia. Conclusion The myopia rate of children and adolescents in Wuhu City was relatively high.Intervention measures should be strengthened in response to the influencing factors of adolescent myopia.