目的 探讨接种吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗(Diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine,以下简称DTaP)的不良反应发生情况及对其护理干预效果进行观察。方法 对2018年赣县区疾病预防控制中心预防门诊接种DTaP的儿童不良反应进行观察,对护理干预后效果进行随访,运用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 共监测接种DTaP的儿童11 140人次,发生不良反应121例,发生率为1086.18/10万,男女性别比为1.63∶1,第 1~4 剂次不良反应发生率分别为202.91/10 万、981.77/10 万、1046.37/10 万、1863.83/10 万;48 h发生不良反应占90.09%(109/121);主要以轻度(1级)不良反应为主,占78.51%;121例不良反应儿童及时给予相应护理干预措施后均好转痊愈。结论 DTaP在接种后会出现不同程度的不良反应,应及时给予护理干预措施。

Objective To investigate the adverse reactions of adsorbed diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine (DTaP) and observe the effect of nursing intervention. Methods The adverse reactions of children vaccinated with DTaP in outpatient clinics of Ganxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2018 were observed,and the effects of nursing intervention were followed up.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the adverse reactions. Results 11 140 children were monitored for DTaP inoculation,121 of them had adverse reactions,the incidence rate was 108.66.18/100,000,the male-female ratio was 1.63:1.The incidence of adverse reactions in the first to fourth doses were 202.91/100,000,981.77/100,000,104.67/100,000 and 186.33/100,000,respectively.90.09% (109/121) of them had adverse reactions in 48 hours.Mild (grade 1) adverse reactions was the main one,accounting for 78.51%.121 children with adverse reactions were cured after timely nursing intervention. Conclusion DTaP can cause adverse reactions to varying degrees after inoculation.Nursing intervention measures should be given in time.