Objective To establish a rapid digestion inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method for the determination of plumbum (P_b) and cadmium (C_d) in rice flour. Methods A pretreatment method for rapid digestion was used.The rice flour sample was directly weighed into a plastic centrifuge tube,added nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide,placed in the hole of the graphite digestion apparatus,heated at 125℃ for 30 minutes,and the digestion solution was cooled to room temperature.Then used deionized water to fix the volume,and used ICP-MS to determine the plumbum and cadmium in the sample. Results The detection limits of P_b and C_d in this method were 0.003mg/kg and 0.001mg/kg,quantitative limits were 0.010mg/kg and 0.005mg/kg respectively.The recoveries of P_b and C_d were 91% ~ 106% and 96% ~ 108%,respectively.The results of quality control samples were all within the reference range,the relative standard deviation of P_b quality control samples was 1.0% ~ 4.8%,and that of C_d quality control samples was 0.8% ~ 4.1%.Compared with the national standard (GB 5009.268-2016),there was no significant difference in the test results (t P_b = 1.88,P>0.05; t C_d = 0.07,P>0.05). Conclusion The results of rapid digestion ICP-MS method were accurate and reliable.It's suitable for the rapid detection of plumbum and cadmium in food.