Objective To investigate the missing report of death causes of permanent residents in Tongxin county from 2018 to 2019,so as to provide basis for strengthening the death cause report. Methods In the whole county,a two-stage cluster random sampling method was adopted.Three townships were investigated in 2018 and five townships in 2019.Residents of two administrative villages (neighborhood committees) were selected from each township for household survey.The death cases investigated were checked with the death report data of the death cause monitoring system,and the missing report rate was calculated. Results A total of 27 293 permanent residents were investigated in 8 townships.140 people died and 20 people failed to report.The rate of missing report was 14.29%.There was significant difference in the rate of missing report of death among residents in urban area (25.00%),and that in rural area (7.95%) (7/88).The difference was statistically significant (χ²= 7.756,P= 0.011).There was significant difference in the rate of missing report of death among residents of different ages (χ²= 12.783,P= 0.002).The rate of missing report of death in 0-9-year-old group was the highest,and there was no significant difference between male and female residents (χ²=0.119,P=0.182). Conclusion In Tongxin County,the phenomenon of missing report of death cases of permanent residents is serious,among which the rate of missing report of urban and low age group is higher.It is necessary to strengthen multi department cooperation to improve the level of death surveillance.