Objective To investigate the prevalence of cervical cancer through the screening of cervical cancer in rural women in Anqing City from 2017 to 2019. Methods According to the project management plan,the screening data of rural women aged 35 to 64 who participated in free cervical cancer screening in all counties (including urban areas) of Anqing City from 2017 to 2019 were collected to analyze the early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. Results Of 136 243 women screened for cervical cancer,1 087 cases were positive,among which the detection rate of cervical cancer was 19.08/100 000,and the detection rate of precancerous lesions was 491.03/100 000.There was no significant difference in the detection rate in different years(χ² were 3.887 and 3.781,respectively,P values were greater than 0.05).A total of 30 147 cases of benign reproductive tract diseases were detected,and the prevalence of benign reproductive tract diseases was 22.13%.The treatment rate of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions was 95.61%.The positive rates of Pap smear and TCT in cervical cytology screening were 3.11% and 7.17% respectively,with no significant difference (χ²=0.390,P=0.532). Conclusion Free cervical cancer screening for rural women in Anqing City is of great significance for the early detection of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.