Research status of novel coronavirus variant strains and vaccines

XIN Yu; ZHAO Xue; LIU Yan

doi:10.19837/j.cnki.ahyf.2022.01.001

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Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine ›› 2022, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1) : 1-8. DOI: 10.19837/j.cnki.ahyf.2022.01.001

Research status of novel coronavirus variant strains and vaccines

XIN Yu, ZHAO Xue, LIU Yan

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Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is spreading widely around the world,causing an infectious disease that is highly pathogenic and transmissible,and poses a great threat to public health safety worldwide.Vaccination is currently the most effective way to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.The main types of vaccines designed for SARS-CoV-2 are:inactivated vaccines,live attenuated vaccines,viral vector vaccines,recombinant protein vaccines,and nucleic acid vaccines.However,to further adapt to the host cell,the genome of the novel coronavirus was mutated.The mutation of SARS-CoV-2 strains mainly focuses on the amino acid mutation on its S protein,and the transmission and pathogenicity of mutant strains are enhanced compared with wildtype viruses.The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies variant strains as "variant of concern (VOC)" and "variant of interest (VOI)".The main VOC strains include Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant,Beta (B.1351) variant,Gamma (P.1) variant,Delta (B.1.617.2) variant,and Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant.The immune efficacy of existing vaccines against the variants has been reduced.Therefore,with the emergence of the variants,there is a need to change the response strategy,such as developing vaccines against the variants and increasing the booster vaccination rate.In this paper,the general situation,variant strains and vaccine development of SARA-CoV-2 will be reviewed.

Key words

SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 vaccines / Mutant virus

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XIN Yu, ZHAO Xue, LIU Yan. Research status of novel coronavirus variant strains and vaccines[J]. Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2022, 28(1): 1-8 https://doi.org/10.19837/j.cnki.ahyf.2022.01.001

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