Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics of infectious diseases in schools in Jinzhai County from 2017 to 2021,so as to provide reliable reference data for the scientific formulation of countermeasures and measures for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods The infectious disease surveillance data of Jinzhai County from 2017 to 2021 was collected from the "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System" to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in schools. Results A total of 26 kinds and 3 821 cases of school infectious diseases were reported,with the average reported incidence 689.84/100 000 from 2017 to 2021.The incidence rate increased and then decreased during the 5-year period,with the peak rate in 2019.The incidence rate in 2020 to 2021 was lower than that in 2017 to 2019 (χ2=154.30,P<0.001),with a significant decrease in the incidence of infectious diseases targeted by the immunization program (χ2=225.69,P<0.001).The results showed that respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases were predominant,accounting for 69.56% and 29.47%,respectively.The top 5 infectious diseases were varicella,mumps,hand-foot-mouth disease,other infectious diarrhea and influenza.The first epidemic peak occurred between May and June,and the second occurred between November and the next January.There were more cases in males than in females,with the sex ratio 1.84:1.Moreover,the cases mainly aged 11-15 years old (34.57%).The cases mainly clustered in primary school (1 114 cases),kindergarten (989 cases),high school (929 cases),middle school (789 cases).During the 5 years,8 outbreaks were reported. Conclusion The main infectious diseases in Jinzhai County are respiratory infectious diseases and intestinal infectious diseases,and it shows a seasonal high incidence trend.The overall incidence rate increased and then decreased over a 5-year period.It is necessary to strengthen monitoring report and prevention measures to control school infectious diseases in high prevalence seasons.
Key words
School infectious diseases /
Epidemic characteristics /
Preventive vaccination /
Epidemic outbreak
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
References
[1] 马军.新冠肺炎疫情防控常态化与学校传染病防控监督[J].中国卫生监督杂志,2020,27(2):103-105.
[2] 董言,王效俊,刘慧慧.2008—2017年新疆学校传染病类突发公共卫生事件特征分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2019,34(3):19-22.
[3] 赵艳艳,张军,佘慧中,等.肥西县2015～2017年学校传染病聚集性疫情特点及风险分析[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2019,25(1):66-68.
[4] 国家卫生健康委.关于印发国家免疫规划疫苗儿童免疫程序及说明(2021年版)的通知[Z].2021-02-23.
[5] 段生朝,何恺.保山市2009—2018年学校传染病疫情分析[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2021,27(3):23-26.
[6] 高珊珊,冷启艳,李秀燕,等.2013—2019年烟台市学校及托幼机构法定报告传染病流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2020,47(22):4060-4063.
[7] Bailhache M,Ong N,Worbe M,et al.Unlike infectious diseases,respiratory disease emergencies rose after compulsory school attendance following the French COVID-19 lockdown[J].Acta Paediatr,2021,110(4):1295-1296.
[8] 高晓丽,李岩,范晨璐,等.哈尔滨市2004-2017年扩大国家免疫规划针对传染病发病情况分析[J].中国公共卫生管理,2018,34(5):717-720.
[9] 戴丽芳,冯军,张大勇,等.2005-2017年贵州省免疫规划针对传染病学校突发公共卫生事件特征[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2019,25(2):188-192.
[10] 沈永刚.安徽省预防接种辉煌的40年——传染病防控的基石[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2019,25(1):5-9.
[11] 王华庆,安志杰,尹遵栋.国家免疫规划七种针对传染病70年防控成就回顾[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2019,25(4):359-367.
[12] 刘洋,郑建新,陈权,等.江苏某经济开发区2014—2019年学校传染病流行特征分析[J].中国校医,2021,35(5):331-333,371.
[13] 蒋晨,周建刚,肖月,等.宜兴市2015—2018年学校手足口病疫情分析[J].安徽预防医学杂志,2021,27(2):112-115,146.
[14] Esposito S,Principi N.Hand,foot and mouth disease:current knowledge on clinical manifestations,epidemiology,aetiology and prevention[J].Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis,2018,37(3):391-398.
[15] 赵玉秋,张进,邓舒,等.安徽省5岁以下儿童手足口病患病的家庭和行为因素[J].预防医学,2021,33(7):693-696.
[16] 董彦会,陈曼曼,王丽萍,等.中国6～22岁学生群体甲乙丙类传染病流行趋势[J].北京大学学报(医学版),2021,53(3):498-505.
[17] 肖林,赵冰,赵勇胜,等.荆州市预防学校传染病聚集性疫情风险管理效果评价[J].中国学校卫生,2021,42(6):935-938,943.
PDF(1035 KB)
