Objective To understand the prevalence of stroke among adult residents in 14 counties / districts of Anhui Province and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to sample a total of 8208 people from 14 counties / districts in northern,southern and central Anhui.Questionnaire surveys were used to understand their stroke prevalence,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze and explore the influencing factors of stroke. Results The prevalence of stroke in this survey was 4.13%,of which 4.17% were males and 4.09% were females.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with people in northern Anhui,whose household net income was less than 10,000 yuan and never drank alcohol,southern Anhui (OR=0.638),household net income of 10,000 to 50,000 (OR=0.671) ,household net income of 50,000 to 100,000 (OR=0.506),household net income of more than 100,000 (OR=0.445),and current drinking (OR=0.537) were negatively correlated with the prevalence of stroke among adult residents in Anhui Province.Compared with people aged 18-60,no high blood pressure,no diabetes,never drinking,no family history of stroke,and normal weight,people aged 60-70 years (OR=2.703),over 70 years old (OR=3.363) ,hypertension (OR=5.804),diabetes (OR=1.761),alcohol withdrawal (OR=2.329),family history (OR=3.569),obesity (OR=1.564) were positively correlated with the prevalence of stroke in adults in Anhui Province. Conclusion The prevalence of stroke among adult residents in Anhui Province is relatively high.Regional distribution,age,family income,hypertension,diabetes,drinking,family history of stroke,and body mass index are related to the prevalence of stroke.The key intervention targets should be designated according to the population distribution of factors affecting stroke to reduce the prevalence of stroke.