Objective To investigate and analyze the current situation and needs of health education in tuberculosis outpatient clinics of tuberculosis designated medical institutions at all levels in Anhui Province,so as to provide basis for improving the ability of health education in tuberculosis outpatient clinics and standardized construction. Methods A total of 86 tuberculosis clinics of designated medical institutions at all levels in tuberculosis were investigated in Anhui Province.The survey included the basic situation of institutions,the creation of health education environment,the contents and methods of tuberculosis health education,and the professional improvement paths and needs of health educators. Results Among the environmental elements of health education in tuberculosis outpatient clinics in designated institutions at all levels,87.21% of institutions set up tuberculosis outpatient guidance in public areas,96.51% of institutions set up clear signs of tuberculosis outpatient specialties,88.37% of institutions set up publicity material shelves,and only 16 (18.60%) designated outpatient clinics had multimedia health education equipment.Tuberculosis outpatient health education was mainly in the form of face-to-face health education (91.86%) and telephone message follow-up (84.88%),and the proportion of science popularization knowledge spread through the Internet and new media was less than 20%.The top three requirements for professional improvement paths of health educators were to strengthen tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge (94.19%),health education methods and skills (87.21%),and interpersonal communication and coordination skills (60.47%).Conclusion with the prefecture (city) level institutions,the county (District) level institutions most urgently need to strengthen the knowledge and capacity of tuberculosis prevention and control (χ²=4.432,P=0.035). Conclusion The comprehensive ability of tuberculosis outpatient health education in Anhui province needs to be improved.It is necessary to strengthen the construction of outpatient health education environment,the use of new forms of health education such as network new media,and the special skill training of health education for medical workers,so as to ensure the quality and effect of health education.