Objective To understand the environmental sanitation conditions of primary and secondary school classrooms in Jingzhou City,so as to provide basis for improving the environment of primary and secondary school classrooms and ensuring the physical health of students. Methods In 2020,242 classrooms in 41 primary and secondary schools in Jingzhou City were selected by random sampling method,and health monitoring and evaluation were carried out according to relevant national health standards. Results In 41 primary and secondary schools in Jingzhou City,the qualified rate of per capita area of classroom was 42.15%,the qualified rate of average illumination of blackboard surface was 58.68%,the qualified rate of daylighting coefficient was 64.05%,the qualified rate of illumination of desk surface was 80.58%,the qualified rate of lamp desk spacing was 98.76%,the qualified rate of blackboard surface illumination uniformity was 95.87%,the qualified rate of desk surface illumination uniformity was 95.45%,and the qualified rate of blackboard reflection ratio was 90.91%.The qualified rates of per capita area of classroom (54.55%) and daylighting coefficient (89.39%) in rural primary school classrooms were significantly different from those in urban primary school classrooms (36.84% and 64.21%,respectively),and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=4.951,P=0.026;χ²=13.012,P＜0.001).The qualified rate of average illumination of blackboard surface in rural primary school classrooms (62.12%) was lower than that of urban primary school classrooms (81.05%) (χ²=7.130,P=0.008).The qualified rate of desk surface illumination uniformity in rural primary school classrooms (92.42%) was lower than that of urban primary school classrooms (100.00%) (P = 0.011).The qualified rates of daylighting coefficient (64.29%) and average illumination of blackboard surface (46.43%) in rural middle school classrooms were higher than those in urban middle school classrooms (32.08% and 20.75%,respectively) (χ²=7.746,P=0.005;χ²=5.792,P=0.016).While the qualified rate of classroom per capita area in rural middle school classrooms (21.43%) was lower than that in urban middle school classrooms (47.17%) (χ²=5.139,P=0.023). Conclusion The current situation of classroom environmental sanitation in primary and secondary schools in the main urban area of Jingzhou City is uneven between urban and rural areas and between different school sections.The qualified rates of classroom environmental sanitation indicators such as per capita area of classroom,daylighting coefficient and average illumination of blackboard surface are relatively low.