Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 61 human brucellosis cases in Boai County,and to provide scientific evidences for making brucellosis prevention and control measures. Methods The incidence data of human brucellosis in Boai County from 2018 to 2020 was collected from China's disease prevention and control information system.The infection routes were derived from the investigation report of individual case.The epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results 61 human brucellosis cases were reported in Boai County from 2018 to 2020,with an average annual incidence of 5.35/100 000.The cases were reported in 9 towns in the county.The cases were mainly distributed in Xiaojing,Qinghua and Motou,accounting for 60.66% of the total cases in the county.The cases were reported in each month.The number of reported cases from April to September accounted for 72.13% of the total number of cases.The ratio of male to female was 5.78:1.Patients aged 40 and over accounted for 75.41% of the total cases.Farmers were accounting for 49.18% of the total cases.The proportion of those infected by drinking goat milk or eating undercooked mutton was 16.39%.The median time interval from onset to diagnosis was 20 days. Conclusion The incidence of human brucellosis is mainly sporadic in Boai County.Male and middle-aged farmers are high-risk groups.The proportion of infections from eating undercooked beef and lamb or drinking raw goat milk is high.The comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to curb the incidence of human brucellosis.