Objective To understand the infection status of key parasitic diseases in Xiangdong District,Pingxiang City,Jiangxi Province,and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures. Methods From 2016 to 2019,five administrative villages in five townships (streets) were randomly selected in Xiangdong District according to their geographical location every year.Taking natural villages (villagers' groups) as a unit,150 residents over the age of 3 were selected in a cluster,with a total of 750 people,to screen for key parasitic diseases.The eggs of soil-borne nematodes were examined by modified Kato thick smear method (one stool and two examinations).Children aged 3 to 9 years old were additionally examined for enterobius vermicularis eggs with transparent tape anal swab. Results A total of 3 220 people were tested in 2016-2019,51 of whom were infected with soil-borne nematodes,with an overall infection rate of 1.58% (51/3 220).Four kinds of soil-borne nematodes were found,namely,ascaris lumbricoides,hookworm,trichuris trichiura,and enterobius vermicularis.The majority of them were infected with enterobius vermicularis,accounting for 80.39% (41/51).The infection rate of enterobius vermicularis was 1.27% (41/3 220).Children aged 3 to 9 years accounted for 87.80% (36/41) of the total infected with enterobius vermicularis.In 2016-2019,the annual infection rates of soil-borne nematodes were 0.46%,1.18%,1.73% and 3.20%,respectively.There was a linear trend between the year and the infection rate,which was statistically significant(χ²_trend=19.687,P<0.001).The annual infection rates of enterobius vermicularis from 2016 to 2019 were 0.23% ,1.06% ,1.73% and 2.27% ,respectively.There was a linear correlation between the year and the infection rate(χ²=14.872,P<0.001).There was no significant difference in infection rate of soil-borne nematodes between male and female(χ²=1.163,P=0.281).There were significant differences in infection rates among different ages(χ²=115.156,P<0.001).The difference of different occupational infection rates was statistically significant(χ²=57.264,P<0.001). Conclusion The infection rate of enterobius vermicularis,mainly among children aged 3 to 9 years old,is at a high level in Pingxiang City,and has a rising trend year by year.In the future,health education for preschool teachers and parents should be strengthened to guide children to establish good health habits,then reduce or even eliminate enterobius vermicularis disease in children.