Objective To analyze the survival rate and influencing factors of HIV infected persons and patients (HIV/AIDS) receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Zongyang County,and to provide reference for improving the quality of HAART work. Methods Retrospective cohort study was used to collect the data of HIV/AIDS patients who received HAART treatment in Zongyang County from 2009 to 2019.Life table was used to calculate the survival rate.Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results Totally,185 HIV/AIDS patients were included in the treatment,with the average observation time (6.54±3.28) years.17 patients died of AIDS related diseases.The cumulative survival rates at 1 year,3 years,5 years,and 10 years after treatment were 95.00%,93.00%,92.00% and 89.00%,respectively.The univariate analysis results showed that young age at the beginning of antiviral treatment,high baseline CD4+T cell count,married and double-positive families,high education level,no missed medication,family support rather than discrimination,and good economic conditions were protective factors for the survival time of HIV/AIDS patients treated with HAART.The results of multivariate analysis showed that HIV/AIDS patients who started antiviral therapy at a young age,had a high baseline CD4+T cell count,and had good economic conditions had a relatively lower risk of death. Conclusion Age at the beginning of antiviral therapy,baseline CD4+T cell count,and economic conditions are influencing factors for the survival time of HIV/AIDS patients treated with HAART.