Objective To understand the awareness rate of infectious disease prevention an control knowledge among primary-level outpatients doctors in Haiyang City,so as to provide reference basis for improve the prevention and control skills of infectious diseases among primary-level outpatients doctors. Methods Using a method of combining census with convenient sampling,the doctors from 13 township hospitals and village clinics in Haiyang City were selected as the survey subjects from January to February in 2023.A questionnaire survey was conducted on the survey subjects.Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 18.0. Results A total of 1 246 primary outpatient doctors were surveyed in Haiyang City,and their awareness rate of infectious disease knowledge was 74.79%,with an overall score of (21.59 ± 1.86).Doctors aged 35 and above scored higher in infectious disease knowledge than those under 35 (u=10.832,P<0.001).Doctors with intermediate and above professional titles scored higher in infectious disease knowledge than those with below intermediate professional titles (u=17.297,P<0.001).And outpatient doctors in township health centers scored higher in infectious disease knowledge than village doctors (u=26.265,P<0.001).Primary outpatient doctors all have training needs,they acquire knowledge on infectious diseases prevention and control mainly through training by the authorities,books,television and the Internet. Conclusion The awareness rate of infectious prevention and control disease related knowledge among primary outpatient doctors in Haiyang City is relatively low.Various measures should be taken to strengthen the training of infectious disease related knowledge,policies,and operational skills for primary outpatient doctors.Their knowledge system should be improved and updated.