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Analysis of the survey results on the influencing factors of language development in 1992 toddlers aged 18 to 36 months in Feidong County of Anhui Province
LIU Guoqin, FAN Jun, ZHANG Guobao
Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1) : 37-43.
PDF(804 KB)
PDF(804 KB)
Analysis of the survey results on the influencing factors of language development in 1992 toddlers aged 18 to 36 months in Feidong County of Anhui Province
Objective To understand the impact of environmental factors on the language development of toddlers,and to provide a reference for improving the language environment of toddlers. Methods 1992 toddlers aged 18 to 36 months who underwent health examinations at the Children's Health Clinic of Feidong County Women and Children's Health Center of Anhui Province from May 2021 to February 2022 were selected as the survey subjects.Their relevant information was collected and language development assessment was conducted.The detection rate of delayed language development in toddlers was calculated,and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of delayed language development in toddlers. Results A total of 1992 toddlers aged 18 to 36 months were investigated,and 222 were positive for delayed language development,with a total positive rate of 11.14%.Among them,the incidence rate in males was 15.32%,while that in females was 5.96%.The positive rates of delayed language development in toddlers aged 18-23 months,24-29 months,and 30-36 months were 3.88%,15.86%,and 13.67%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that toddlers with a positive delayed language development family history had a higher risk of language development delay than those without (OR=0.230,95% CI:0.136-0.390).The risk of delayed language development in males was higher than that in females (OR=0.371,95% CI:0.263-0.523).Toddlers aged 24-29 months (OR=6.293,95% CI:3.616-10.949) and 30-36 months (OR=5.468,95% CI:2.889-10.348) had a higher risk of language development delay than those aged 18-23 months.Toddlers with more than 2 hours of digital screen exposure time per day (OR=2.948,95% CI:1.275-6.814) and an initial digital screen exposure age of less than 18 months (OR=2.223,95% CI:1.115-4.435) had a high risk of developing language delay.Singing with children every day could reduce the risk of language development delay (<0.5 h: OR=0.432,95% CI:0.301-0.619;0.5-1 h: OR=0.203,95% CI:0.070-0.588). Conclusion The language development of toddlers is not only influenced by individual factors,but also closely related to environmental factors.It is particularly important to pay attention to the effects of excessive screen exposure,and to increase daily parent-child interaction time and frequency.
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目的 分析不同年龄语言发育迟缓儿童的行为及语言特征,为临床早期干预提供科学依据。方法 选择2020年1月—2021年1月在广州某医院就诊的1.5~6岁儿童进行调查,采用S-S法对语言能力进行评定,分析不同组儿童的语言能力及影响因素。结果 1)语言发育迟缓就诊年龄主要在1.5~3.5岁,平均2.6岁,男童明显多于女童。52.48%的就诊儿童表达词汇量在10个以下,12.38%的儿童不会说话;语言理解水平主要在事物的符号阶段。80.20%的儿童有行为问题,58.29%有饮食行为问题;62.87%接触电子屏幕超过1h/d,50.99%亲子互动＜2h/d。2)不同年龄和性别语言发育迟缓儿童语言理解落后比例和操作性课题落后比例差异均有统计学意义(χ<sup>2</sup>值分别为13.68、17.62,P＜0.01)。随着年龄增加,语言理解能力落后比例逐渐增多,2岁前后差异最显著。各年龄组操作性课题落后率较高。3)多因素Logistic回归分析显示,主要抚养人文化程度高是语言理解能力的保护因素(OR=0.81,95%CI:0.67~0.97,P＜0.05),儿童行为问题是操作性课题落后的危险因素(OR=2.84,95%CI: 1.21~6.65,P＜0.05)。结论 语言发育迟缓多发生于2岁半左右的儿童中,且容易出现行为问题;2岁以后除语言表达能力落后外,更容易出现理解能力合并操作能力落后,儿童行为问题是操作性课题落后的危险因素。因此,语言发育迟缓的早期筛查和针对性干预很有必要,科学的养育、良好行为的培养,可促进儿童早期语言发育。
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To identify impact of television viewing on language development.The case-control study included 56 new patients with language delay and 110 normal children, aged 15-48 months. Language delay was diagnosed by reviewing language milestones and Denver-II. Television viewing variables and child/parental characteristics between both groups were interviewed. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and chi-square test. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated from multivariate logistic regression model.Forty-six boys and 10 girls; mean [+/-SD] age, 2.11+/-0.47 years of the case group and 59 boys and 51 girls; mean [+/-SD] age, 2.23+/-0.80 years of the control group were enrolled. Children who had language delay usually started watching television earlier at age 7.22+/-5.52 months vs. 11.92+/-5.86 months, p-value<0.001 and also spent more time watching television than normal children (3.05+/-1.90 h/day vs. 1.85+/-1.18 h/day; p-value<0.001). Children who started watching television at<12 months of age and watched television>2 h/day were approximately six times more likely to have language delays.There is a relationship between early onset and high frequency of TV viewing and language delay.
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目的 研究发育性语言障碍(DLD)儿童亲子互动的特征以及影响因素,为临床早期发现、早期干预提供依据。方法 选取2018年1月-2020年3月在山东大学齐鲁医院儿童保健门诊就医,经专业医师确诊的DLD儿童30例,另选取同时期在山东大学齐鲁医院儿童保健门诊及山东大学中心校区校医院儿童保健门诊进行健康查体的正常儿童30例为对照组。利用中文版亲子互动评估量表,采用录像分析的方式对纳入研究的儿童和其养育者的互动行为进行分析。结果 DLD组亲子互动得分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.548,P<0.05)。多因素回归分析结果显示:亲子互动的自主性和社会情感得分越高,DLD的发生风险越高(OR=5.935、8.833,P＜0.05);亲子互动的共情、对自主性的尊重、认知能力的培养维度得分越高,DLD的发生风险越低(OR=0.165、0.417、0.202,P＜0.05);母亲受教育程度高(OR=0.159,95%CI:0.031~0.805)、家庭养育环境好(OR=0.051、0.140)、家庭年收入>10万(OR=0.113,95%CI:0.033~0.380)是DLD的保护性因素;每日视屏时间>1 h(OR=21.605,95%CI:3.214~145.225)是DLD的危险性因素。结论 社区基层医疗机构儿童保健工作中,可借助亲子互动早期识别有DLD倾向的儿童,为早期筛查和干预赢得时间。日常生活中,改善家庭养育环境、减少儿童视屏时间可降低儿童语言障碍的发生。
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夏彬, 王洁, 刘巧云, 等. 18月龄儿童语言发育现状及影响因素研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(11):1196-1201.
目的 了解18月龄儿童的语言发育现状,并探索该月龄儿童语言发育的影响因素,为早期干预提供依据。方法 选取2021年10月—2022年3月期间在上海市长宁区妇幼保健院儿童保健中心常规体检的362名18月龄儿童,其中男童176人,女童186人。采用《早期语言发育进程量表》进行语言发育筛查,将筛查总分≤P<sub>10</sub>记为“异常”。通过家长现场填写问卷调查相关因素,采用单因素及多元回归分析儿童语言发育的主要影响因素。结果 18月龄儿童语言发育异常的发生率为9.9%,其中男女童语言发育异常的发生率分别为11.9%、8.1%,男童在语音和言语表达(A)及总分的得分分别为11.14±2.62和35.19±3.90,低于女童的得分12.45±3.20和36.68±4.02,差异具有统计学意义(t=-4.244、-3.591,P<0.05)。经多元回归分析发现:第一看护人为母亲或(外)祖父母(β=1.188、0.279、0.217、1.735,P<0.05)、看护人文化水平提高(β=1.027、0.267、0.161、1.485,P<0.05)对18月龄儿童语音和言语表达(A)、听觉感受和理解(B)、与视觉相关的理解和表达(C)三部分及总分均有影响,与儿童语言发育呈正相关;接触电子产品的时间增加(β=-0.452、-0.612,P<0.05)、固体类食物的添加时间延迟(β=-0.515、-0.613,P<0.05)对18月龄儿童语音和言语表达(A)及总分有影响,与儿童语言发育呈负相关。结论 18月龄儿童语言发育异常的比例较高,男童尤甚;通过为儿童挑选合适的看护人、控制电子产品的接触时间、饮食中适时添加固体类食物可促进儿童的语言发育。
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目的 了解儿童在语言发育过程中特点及语言发育迟缓的情况,为儿童语言发育的正确评估指导提出科学依据。方法 选取来四川省妇幼保健院儿童保健科门诊就诊的1 016名18~36个月儿童作为研究对象,以《婴幼儿语言发育筛查量表》为调查工具进行测定。结果 男童在18~30月龄,语音表达和语音理解能力及整体语言发育水平均显著低于同年龄组女童(P<0.05),男童语言发育迟缓的发生率也显著高于女童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男女童语言的快速增长期都出现在24月后,但30~36月时,男女童语言发育比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 正确认识男女童发育上的差异,在语言发育早期重视男童的语言刺激及评估,对语言发育迟缓积极干预。
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王飞英, 倪钰飞, 倪勇, 等. 南通市10 177名婴幼儿神经心理行为发育检查结果分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2016, 24(3):315-318
目的 了解南通市10 177名婴幼儿神经心理行为发育情况，探讨婴幼儿时期影响神经系统发育的相关因素。方法 采用北京妇幼保健院修订的《0～6岁儿童发展诊断法》(Gesell)，对南通市崇川区、港闸区、开发区10 177例3～15月的婴幼儿进行神经心理行为发育评估。结果 南通市三个地区的婴幼儿神经心理行为发育无区域性统计学差异;发育迟缓检出率存在月龄差异;10 177名男女婴在适应性、精细动作、语言发育商显示有性别差异，在大运动、个人-社交能区发育商无性别差异。结论 今后应着重加强男婴在适应性、精细动作、语言能区的发育;针对各月龄中各能区的发育情况着重训练相关薄弱能区，从而全面提高全市婴幼儿心理行为发育。
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