Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Yishui County,and explore the risk factors affecting its onset,and provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of SFTS. Methods Collect data on SFTS cases reported in Yishui County from 2011 to 2023,and use descriptive epidemiological methods to analyze their regional distribution,temperal distribution,and population distribution. Results A total of 50 cases of SFTS were reported in Yishui County from 2011 to 2023,with an incidence rate of 0.71/100 000,2 deaths cases were reported and the fatality rate was 4.00%.SFTS cases were mainly located in the northern mountainous and hilly areas of Yishui County.The peak incidence period was from May to October,with reported cases accounting for 98.00%.The age range was mainly between 50 and 79 years old,accounting for 88.00%.The occupational distribution was mainly among farmers,accounting for 90.00%.The average interval between the onset of SFTS cases and their first visit was 2.36 days.60.00% of the patients choose medical institutions at the county level or above for their first visit.Fever was more common as the first symptom,accounting for 98.00%.76.00% of the cases lived in hilly or mountainous areas. Conclusion The cases of SFTS in Yishui County are sporadic,with obvious regional and seasonal characteristics and bimodal distribution.The incidence rate of SFTS in the rural elderly is high.Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence rate of SFTS.