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Analysis of traceability survey results of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Yandu District,Yancheng City from 2019 to 2023
HUANG Yanlan, LI Pengpeng, FANG Juan
Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2) : 141-145.
PDF(757 KB)
PDF(757 KB)
Analysis of traceability survey results of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Yandu District,Yancheng City from 2019 to 2023
Objective To understand the infection routes,sexual behavior characteristics and infection status of high-risk sexual partners of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Yandu District,Yancheng City,and to explore a suitable traceability work model for this region. Methods A one-on-one questionnaire survey was conducted in newly reported HIV/AIDS cases and their high-risk sexual partners in Yandu District from 2019 to 2023,and HIV antibody testing was performed in high-risk sexual partners.Statistical analysis was conducted by using SPSS 22.0. Results From 2019 to 2023,there were 145 newly reported cases of HIV/AIDS in Yandu District,and traceability survey was completed in 141 cases,including 114 males and 27 females,with male to female ratio of 4.22∶1.All 141 cases of HIV/AIDS were transmitted through sexual contact,male cases mainly transmitted through male to male sexual activity (51.75%,59/114),and female cases mainly transmitted through positive spouse or fixed sexual partners (59.26%,16/27),with statistically significant differences (χ2=56.411,P<0.001).Among 114 male HIV/AIDS cases,the main types of sexual behavior in the first 6 months before HIV antibody confirmation were male to male (51.75%,59/114) and marital or fixed heterosexual behavior (49.12%,56/114),and 86.84% of cases (99/114) had 2 or more sexual partners.Among 27 female HIV/AIDS cases,the main type of sexual behavior in the first 6 months before HIV antibody confirmation was marital or fixed heterosexual behavior (70.83%,17/24),16.67% of cases (4/24) had 2 or more sexual partners.The success rate of tracking high-risk sexual partners in newly reported HIV/AIDS cases was 61.40% (210/342),and the HIV positive rate of high-risk sexual partners was 10.95% (23/210).The success rate of tracking high-risk sexual partners in male HIV/AIDS cases was 59.87% (182/304),and the HIV positive rate of high-risk sexual partners was 10.99% (20/182).Among them,the HIV positive rates of fixed heterosexual partners/spouses,non-marital temporary heterosexual partners,and male homosexual partners were 18.82% (16/85),2.44% (1/41) and 5.36% (3/56),respectively,with statistically significant difference (χ2=10.214,P=0.006).The success rate of tracking high-risk sexual partners in female HIV/AIDS cases was 73.68% (28/38),and the HIV positive rate of high-risk sexual partners was 10.71% (3/28). Conclusion The newly reported male HIV/AIDS cases with fixed heterosexual partners/spouses have a relatively high HIV positive detection.In traceability survey,continued attention should be paid to the notification and testing of fixed heterosexual partners/spouses of male cases,thus to identify more potentially infected individuals.At the same time,the tracing work mode should be actively optimized to strengthen the tracking of same-sex partners and non-marital temporary heterosexual partners of male cases.
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We evaluated the use of social networks to reach persons with undiagnosed HIV infection in ethnic minority communities and link them to medical care and HIV prevention services.Nine community-based organizations in 7 cities received funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to enlist HIV-positive persons to refer others from their social, sexual, or drug-using networks for HIV testing; to provide HIV counseling, testing, and referral services; and to link HIV-positive and high-risk HIV-negative persons to appropriate medical care and prevention services.From October 1, 2003, to December 31, 2005, 422 recruiters referred 3172 of their peers for HIV services, of whom 177 were determined to be HIV positive; 63% of those who were HIV-positive were successfully linked to medical care and prevention services. The HIV prevalence of 5.6% among those recruited in this project was significantly higher than the approximately 1% identified in other counseling, testing, and referral sites funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.This peer-driven approach is highly effective and can help programs identify persons with undiagnosed HIV infection in high-risk networks.
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In 2003, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention launched the Advancing HIV Prevention project to implement new strategies for diagnosing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections outside medical settings and prevent new infections by working with HIV-infected persons and their partners.: To assess the cost and effectiveness of a social network strategy to identify new HIV diagnoses among minority populations.Four community-based organizations (CBOs) in Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington, District of Columbia, implemented a social network strategy for HIV counseling and testing from October 2003 to December 2005. We used standardized cost collection forms to collect program costs attributable to staff time, travel, incentives, test kits, testing supplies, office space, equipment, and utilities. The CBOs used the networks of high-risk and HIV-infected persons (recruiters) who referred their partners and associates for HIV counseling and testing. We obtained HIV-testing outcomes from project databases.Number of HIV tests, number of new HIV-diagnoses notified, total program cost, cost per person tested, cost per person notified of new HIV diagnosis.Two CBOs, both based in Philadelphia, identified 25 and 17 recruiters on average annually and tested 136 and 330 network associates, respectively. Among those tested, 12 and 13 associates were notified of new HIV diagnoses (seropositivity: 9.8%, 4.4%). CBOs in Boston, Massachusetts, and Washington, District of Columbia, identified 26 and 24 recruiters per year on average and tested 228 and 123 network associates. Among those tested, 12 and 11 associates were notified of new HIV diagnoses (seropositivity: 5.1%, 8.7%). The cost per associate notified of a new HIV diagnosis was $11 578 and $12 135 in Philadelphia, and $16 437 and $16 101 in Boston, Massachusetts, and Washington, District of Columbia.The cost of notifying someone with a new HIV diagnosis using social networks varied across sites. Our analysis provides useful information for program planning and evaluation.
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[目的] 了解昆明市溯源出阳性接触者的HIV/AIDS患者基本特征,为制定适合于昆明市的溯源工作策略提供参考。[方法] 选择昆明市2018-2020年接受了HIV接触者溯源的HIV/AIDS患者为研究对象,收集其人口学特征、感染途径、HIV接触者检测信息等资料,采用t检验、χ<sup>2</sup>检验和二元Logistic回归分析溯源出阳性接触者的HIV/AIDS患者特征。[结果] 多因素分析显示,女性患者更容易溯源出阳性接触者,女性患者的溯源检测阳性率是男性患者的1.445(1.018～2.053)倍(P<0.05);相较于昆明市内其他县(区)报告的患者,报告地区类别为本县(区)的患者更容易溯源出阳性接触者,昆明市内其他县(区)报告患者的溯源检测阳性率是本县(区)的0.621(0.422～0.914)倍(P<0.05);新报告患者更容易溯源出阳性接触者,新报告患者接触者的检测阳性率是既往患者的1.708(1.216～2.399)倍(P<0.05)。[结论] 在溯源工作中应加强对女性患者、本地患者和新报告患者的重点关注,以高效发现潜在感染者。
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