Objective To investigate the level of health literacy among residents in Lu'an in 2022 and analyze it's influencing factors,so as to provide reference for the development of targeted intervention measures.Methods A total of 876 residents were selected for health literacy level survey by using probability proportionate to size sampling (PPS) method.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of health literacy level among residents in Lu'an.Results In 2022,a total of 876 residents were surveyed in Lu'an,with an average age of (43.24±14.93) years.Among them,371 were males and 505 were females,with a gender ratio of 1:1.36.The education level was mainly junior high school,accounting for 31.1%,and the occupation was mainly farmers,accounting for 48.20%.The average score of health literacy among residents was (45.8±14.03),with an overall possession rate of 24.54%.The three dimensions of health literacy levels from high to low were basic knowledge and concept literacy (34.59%),basic skill literacy (23.29%),and healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy (18.61%),respectively.The six types of health literacy levels from high to low were safety and first aid literacy (54.79%),health information literacy (36.42%),infectious diseases prevention and control literacy (33.45%),chronic diseases prevention and control literacy (27.97%),basic medical literacy (23.52%),and scientific health concept literacy (22.37%),respectively.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that rural residents (OR=2.622,95%CI:1.881-3.655),females (OR=1.819,95%CI:1.334-2.481),50-59 years old (OR=0.259,95%CI:0.129-0.521),60-69 years old (OR=0.114,95%CI:0.043-0.305),and no chronic diseases (OR=2.453,95%CI:1.668-3.606) were the influencing factors of health literacy among residents in Lu'an.Conclusion The health literacy level of residents in Lu'an is relatively low,and there are significant differences among different groups.Residents should be guided to establish a scientific concept of health and develop a healthy lifestyle.Emphasis should be placed on strengthening the popularization of health knowledge in rural areas,the elderly,low educated groups,and low-income families,thus to improve the pertinence of health education work.