Objective To analyze the surveillance results of residents' safety and first aid literacy in two counties and districts in Anqing City,and to provide a basis for the development of targeted intervention strategies.Methods From May 2024 to August 2024,a questionnaire survey was conducted among permanent residents aged 15 to 69 years in two counties and districts in Anqing City using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method.Multivariate logistic regression was employed to analyze the factors influencing residents' safety and first aid literacy.Results A total of 787 residents were surveyed,and the level of safety and first aid literacy among residents was 64.8%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that females (OR=0.520,95%CI:0.359-0.753) and individuals aged 60-69 (OR=0.298,95%CI:0.121-0.735) were associated with lower safety and first aid literacy levels.Higher educational attainment (junior high school:OR=2.123,95%CI: 1.335-3.375;high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school:OR=3.857,95%CI:2.059-7.227;college level and above:OR=7.746,95%CI:3.893-15.411),and annual household income per capita more than CNY 20 000 (OR=1.827,95%CI:1.183-2.822) were identified as promoting factors for safety and first aid literacy.Conclusion There remains considerable room for improvement in the level of safety and first aid literacy among residents in two counties and districts in Anqing.Targeted interventions on safety and first aid knowledge and skills should be developed for females,older adults,and those with lower educational levels and economic status.