Objective To analyze the seasonal epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Huaiyin District of Huai’an, Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2023, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating HFMD prevention and control strategies. Methods The concentration degree and circular distribution method were used to analyze the seasonal distribution characteristics of monthly incidence data of HFMD from 2014 to 2023, and the epidemic patterns were explored year by year. Results A total of 7 940 HFMD cases were reported in Huaiyin District from 2014 to 2023, with an average annual incidence rate of 102.31/100 000. The overall incidence showed a significant decreasing trend (AAPC=-10.164%, P<0.001). Most cases were children aged 5 years and below (96.12%), and the incidence rate was higher in males than that in females. Concentration degree analysis showed that the combined M-value was 0.359, indicating a certain degree of seasonality. The circular distribution analysis revealed that the epidemic peak period was from March 14 to August 28, with the average peak day occurred on June 6. Bimodal epidemic patterns were observed in some years. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Huaiyin District exhibits clear seasonality, predominantly peaking in spring and summer. It is recommended to strengthen surveillance in key settings and health education for key populations prior to the epidemic season.