Objective To improve the capabilities of sampling and detection by analyzing the standardization of sampling and accuracy of detection of chemical factors in the workplace. Methods Collecting the data of the inter-laboratory comparison of sampling and testing of chemical factors in workplace in the past 3 years, analyzing the results of sampling flow verification, laboratory detection and sampling standard. Results A total of 13 items were conducted in the evaluation of the inter-laboratory comparison, and the general qualified rate (excellent rate) was 76.9% (30.8%). The qualified rates (excellent rates) of inter-laboratory comparison items in different years were 25.0% (0.0%), 100% (20.0%) and 100% (75.0%). Totally 5 items of sampling flow verification were conducted, the general qualified rate (excellent rate) was 80.0% (40.0%). Totally 6 items of laboratory detection were conducted, the general qualified rate (excellent rate) was 66.7% (33.3%). Totally 2 items of sampling standard were conducted, the general qualified rate was 100%. Conclusion Strengthening the quality control from sampling phase is an important basis for the accuracy of the test results. Participating in the inter-laboratory comparison of sampling and testing of chemical factors in workplace could help to improve the occupational health technical service capabilities for the institution.