Objective To understand AIDS related knowledge, high risk behaviors, HIV / AIDS and syphilis infection of STD outpatients in Chizhou city, so as to provide the basis for AIDS prevention and control. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among male patients over 15 years old who were treated at STD clinic between April to July from 2013-2014, and blood samples were collected to detect HIV antibody and syphilis antibody. Results A total of 800 people were investigated. Awareness rate of AIDS related knowledge were 66.25%(265/400)in 2013 and 59.75%(239/400) in 2014, and there was no statistically significant difference (χ²=3.625,P> 0.05). There were significant differences in the awareness of single AIDS related knowledge and awareness rate of male patients at different ages.Among the different age groups, the patients with 21-40 years old had the highest awareness. There was a significant difference in condom promotion, HIV counseling and testing and peer education services. In the population who had sex with sex workers in the last three months, they had the highest proportion of marriage, and lowest condom promotion or HIV counseling and testing services. HIV antibody of all the population was negative, and syphilis antibody positive rate were 1.50% in 2013 and 1.25% in 2014 respectively. Conclusion The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS related knowledge among males was low, their incidence of high risk behavior was high, the proportion of receiving services was low, and the risk of HIV infection was high.