Objective To investigate the lead, cadmium and ascaris ova infection in rural areas of Anhui province from 2011 to 2016. Methods We selected 24 counties to investigate, 5 towns were selected from each county (excluding county town), and 4 villages were selected from each town as monitoring points. The lead, cadmium soil pollution and ascaris ova infection were monitored once time at each monitoring point during July to August per year from 2011-2016. Results The results for soil lead pollution was 15.91 ± 14.42mg/kg , for cadmium soil pollution was 0.37 ± 0.43 mg/kg from the 2880 soil samples in the 24 monitoring counties from 2011 to 2016. According to the "Environmental quality standard for soil" (GB 15618 - 2008), the exceed rate of soil lead pollution was 0.03%, the exceed rate of soil cadmium pollution was 26.3%. 737 samples were positive for ascaris from 2880 soil samples, and the positive rate was 25.6%. There were 510 samples of live Ascaris ova, and the positive rate was 17.7%. The positive rate of Ascaris ova and live ova showed a decreasing trend with the increase of year (ascaris ova:χ²=30.94, P<0.001, live ova:χ²=17.89, P<0.001). There were regional distribution differences in rural soil lead, cadmium and ascaris ova pollution. Conclusion The soil cadmium pollution in rural area of Anhui province was seriou,and the positive rates of ascaris ova and live ova were high. Anhui rural environmental protection and lavatory improvement and manure harmless treatment work still need to be strengthened.