Objective To evaluate the management and quality of notifiable communicable disease reporting in Anhui province and find out existing problems for the further improvement of network direct reporting of communicable disease. Methods The evaluation was conducted by centers for disease control and prevention (CDCs) and hospitals in 16 cities and 2 directly administering counties using multistage stratified cluster sampling. A total of 89 institutions, with 1268 cases of notifiable communicable disease, were investigated. Results The administrative management in all level CDCs and hospitals had been gradually optimizing, but the problems still exist. The reporting rate for notifiable communicable disease was 95.19%. There was no significant difference of reporting rate among hospitals in different levels. The reporting rate was the lowest in Huaibei area. Comprehensive evaluation score of quality and management of notifiable communicable disease reporting in CDCs was lowest in area between Changjiang and Huaihe. The top three cities with highest comprehensive evaluation index of quality and management of notifiable communicable disease reporting in medical institutions were Hefei(0.9534), Tongling (0.9523) and Maanshan(0.9456). Conclusion The more standardized management of notifiable communicable disease network direct reporting had been conducted and quality of reporting had been greatly improved in Anhui province. It is necessary for all health institutions to continue to strengthen the management of notifiable communicable diseases network direct reporting,improve the HIS system, and encourage medical institutions with better facility to carry out direct data exchange with reporting network.