Objective To understand the serological detection ability and detection status of HIV antibody screening laboratory in Anhui province in 2015,analyze the laboratory testing process and possible problems of test results and improve the ability of laboratory testing in time. Methods Five blind samples were issued to the network screening laboratory for the evaluation,and the results of HIV antibody screening and their original records were required to be reported in the prescribed time. The results of these laboratories were summarized and the factors influencing the results were analyzed. Results A total of 369 laboratories were evaluated,of which 60.2% (222/369) were excellent,37.7% (139/369) were good,2.2% (8/369) were qualified,and the results of 5 blind qualitative tests were correct. There were significant differences in S/CO values between different methods or different reagents. Even though using the same reagent (Wan Tai) and the same method (enzyme linked method),there were significant differences in high positive blind samples between the enzyme labeled instrument and the automatic enzyme immunoassay analyzer. The CDC laboratories were generally superior to other institutional laboratories in the standardization of records such as report forms,re-examination test sheets and sample receipts. The blood system laboratory was generally better than other laboratories in the standardization of testing process and the accuracy of judging and calculating results. Conclusions The results of laboratory screening for AIDS in Anhui province were accurate,and the blind sample assessment should be based on qualitative results.The results of inteilat quality assessment with different methods,reagents or equipment should not be directly compared.