Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of injuries and its influence on disease burden among residents in Nanshan district of Shenzhen city from 2014 to 2017, and explore the cause of injury. Method We analyzed the data of population and annual registered death causes in Nanshan district during the period from 2014 to 2017 statistically, calculate the mortality rate, proportion and potential years of life lost (PYLL) due to injury. Results A total of 247 people died from injuries in Nanshan district from 2014 to 2017. The mortality rate and standardized mortality of injury were 7.44/10⁵ and 11.65/10⁵ respectively. The mortality rate of male was significantly higher than that of female (8.99/10⁵ vs 5.67/10⁵, P<0.001). The top three causes of death of injuries were suicide, traffic accident, and accidental fall. The first cause of death of injury from 0 to 4 years old was accidental suffocation, from 5 to 64 years old was suicide, over 65 years old was accidental fall. The PYLL and APYLL of injury were 6358 years and 25.74 years respectively. The PYLL in suicide was the most of all injuries, which was 2768 years. Conclusions Injury has been one of the important death causes in Nanshan district. Suicide had the greatest impact on the disease burden. Effective prevention and control measures should be formulated according to the main causes of injuries among different groups of people to reduce the mortality rate of injuries among residents.