Objective To explore the application of multiple seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model in predicting bacillary dysentery incidence in Anhui province,and provide evidence for the forecast and early warning of bacillary dysentery. Methods According to the 2010~2015 year data of monthly bacillary dysentery in Anhui province,R software was used to fit the multiplicative seasonal ARIMA model,and the number of bacillary dysentery in 2016 was predicted. Results Multiple seasonal ARIMA(0,1,0)×(0,1,1)₁₂was established for the prediction of bacillary dysentery incidence in Anhui province. There was no significance in Ljung-Box Q(Ljung-Box Q=12.812,P=0.383)and residuals was the white noise. The average absolute percentage error between fitted and value actual was 10.30%. The average absolute error percentage of the predicted and actual values from January to December 2015 was 11.89%. Conclusion The ARIMA model fitting effects are well and suitable to short-term prediction of bacillary dysentery incidence in Anhui province.