Objective To understand the tuberculosis infection among freshmen in schools above junior vocational school in Yinchuan. Methods A total of 31 488 freshmen from 22 junior high schools, colleges and universities in Yinchuan City in 2018 were surveyed by questionnaires and screened for tuberculosis infection. Results In 2018, 31 ,488 freshmen were screened for purified protein derivative (PPD) test in 22 schools in Yinchuan City, with a strong positive rate of 5.32% and the incidence of tuberculosis among freshmen was 73.04/100,000.There were was a significant differences in the strong positive rate among different types of schools (χ²=24.621,P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in PPD infection rate and difference between male and female freshmen.Significant differences were found between urban and rural areas and between families with different incomes (χ²= 7.554,P＜ 0.05;χ²= 1282.881,P＜ 0.01). Conclusion It is necessary to carry out tuberculosis screening for new students every year, carry out tuberculosis health education regularly, raise the awareness of prevention of tuberculosis among students and teachers,the spread of tuberculosis among the population and the incidence of tuberculosis among students.