Objective To explore the application value of serum estradiol (E₂),β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) and progesterone (P) in predicting early threatened abortion outcomes. Methods A total of 142 cases of 5 to 9 weeks early threatened abortion pregnant women admitted to our hospital from February 2015 to February 2017 were selected as the research objects.According to the pregnancy outcome, 97 cases of pregnancy group (early threatened abortion continues pregnancy) and 45 cases of abortion group (early threatened abortion pregnancy failed) were divided into two groups.Another 50 cases of normal pregnant women with regular routine obstetric examination in our hospital were selected as the control group.The serum E₂, β-HCG and P levels in all pregnant women were detected, and the accuracy of single and combined use of these three indicators in predicting pregnancy outcomes of early threatened abortion was analyzed. Results The levels of serum E₂, β-HCG and P in the three groups of pregnant women were statistically significant (F values were 8.468, 3.534 and 4.182, respectively,P_all<0.05).The serum E₂, β-HCG and P levels in pregnancy group and abortion group were significantly lower than those of control group, the difference was statistically significant (P_all<0.05).The levels of serum E₂ (826.55±109.84 pmol/L), β-HCG (3 785.35±1 059.08 IU/L) and P (33.67±13.27 nmol/L) in the abortion group were significantly lower than those in the pregnancy group [(2 753.61±793.24) pmol/L, (27 232.43±2 847.22) IU/L, (86.85±19.95) nmol/L, respectively], and the difference were statistically significant (t values were 9.248, 21.637, 3.902, respectively,P_all<0.05).There were significant difference in the detection rates of single and combined tests among the control group, pregnancy group and abortion group (P_all < 0.05).The combined detection rates of E₂+β-HCG+P in serum of the three groups were 4.00% (2/50), 93.81% (91/97) and 95.65% (44/45), which were significantly higher than the single detection rates of each index, and the difference was statistically significant (P_all<0.05).The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic coincidence rate of combined detection of serum E₂+β-HCG+P were 95.48%, 96.97% and 97.34% respectively, which were significantly higher than those of single detection, and the difference was statistically significant (P_all<0.05). Conclusion The sensitivity and specificity of serum E₂+β-HCG+P combined detection were significantly higher than that of single detection, which had a high diagnostic coincidence rate and could be used as an important indicator for diagnosis of predicting early threatened abortion.