Objective To understand the current situation of myopia of children and adolescents in Wuhu City,and to explore the relationship between behavior habits and myopia rate. Methods The stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted.In March 2019,in the urban and rural areas of Wuhu City,stratified by elementary school,junior high school and senior high school,10 schools were randomly selected.Each school randomly selected 6-9 classes,a total of 3,411 students were selected.Through on-site testing and questionnaire survey,the data were collected to investigate the students' visual acuity and the influencing factors. Results The myopia rate of children and adolescents in Wuhu City was 51.29%,among which the myopia rate of urban students was 53.69% and that of rural students was 41.00%.The myopia rate of female students was 53.43%,and that of male students was 49.36%.The myopia rate of primary school students was 34.45%,junior high school students was 69.17% and senior high school students was 82.48%.The differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Multi-factor regression analysis showed that location of living,myopia of the parents (one or two),average daily use of electronic products for more than one hour,and excessive workload were the risk factors for myopia. Conclusion The myopia rate of children and adolescents in Wuhu City was relatively high.Intervention measures should be strengthened in response to the influencing factors of adolescent myopia.